Finland’s wealthy and resilient economy, high government debt affordability and effective institutions are credit strengths. A moderate growth potential, fiscal pressures from an ageing population and financial stability risks are challenges.

Declining levels of public debt, high debt affordability and improved external competitiveness are credit strengths. Rating constraints include low potential growth, fiscal costs of ageing demographics, and risks in the Finnish banking sector.

A wealthy and diversified economy, strong institutions and high debt affordability support the rating; constrained potential growth and high and rising household debt challenges.

A wealthy and diversified economy, strong commitment to structural reforms, high debt affordability support the rating; lowered potential growth, reform implementation risks and ageing population are limits.